Ku barwayi bafite impengamiro ya Step-Stal (Esrd), hemodialsis ni uburyo bwiza kandi bwiza bwo kuvura. Mugihe cyo kuvura, amaraso na dialysate baza guhura na dialyzer (impyiko rya artificiel) binyuze muri kimwe cya kabiri cya kimwe cya kabiri, bituma guhanahana ibintu bitwarwa no kwibanda. Imashini ya hemodialysis igira uruhare runini mu kweza amaraso akuraho imyanda hamwe na electrolytes arenze ubwo yatangizaga Calcium, hamagara calcium na Bicarbonate kuva kuri dialymate. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ibyingenzi mumashini ya hemodialyse no kuyobora uburyo bwo guhitamo igikoresho cyiza cyo kuvura neza.

 

Gusobanukirwa imashini za hemodialyse

Imashini za hemodialysis zisanzwe zigizwe na sisitemu ebyiri nyamukuru: sisitemu yo kugenzura amaraso na sisitemu yo gutanga dialysate. Sisitemu yamaraso ishinzwe kugenzura amaraso ya Extractorporeal na sisitemu ya dialysate itegura igisubizo cyihariye cya dialyse yujuje ibyangombwa na ro amazi kandi bitwara igisubizo kuri dialyzer. Muri Hemodiallyzer, Dialysate akora ibintu bitandukanye, kwinjira, no kurandura amaraso hamwe namaraso yihanganye, kandi hagati y'amaraso yo kweza, na sisitemu yo kweza yamaraso na sisitemu ya dialysate itwara imyanda. Uku guhinduranya gusiganwa ku magare neza neza amaraso.

Mubisanzwe, sisitemu yo kugenzura amaraso irimo pompe yamaraso, pompe ya heparin, arterial na volus hamwe nubuvuzi bwakurikiranye ibikoresho, na sisitemu yo kumenya ikirere. Ibice byingenzi bya sisitemu yo gutanga dialyse ni sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe, sisitemu yo kuvanga, sisitemu yo gukurikirana, sisitemu yo gukurikirana igenzura, ultrafielt, kumenyekanisha amaraso, nibindi.

Ubwoko bubiri bwibanze bwimashini bukoreshwa muri hemodialsis ni rusangehemodialysis (HD) mashininahemodiafilTration (mashini ya HDF). Imashini za HDF zikoreshaDialulzers ndendeTanga inzira ihanitse - Gutandukanya no guhakana kugirango ikureho molekile nini nibintu byuburozi no kuzuza ions yingenzi mubikorwa byo gusimbuza.

Birakwiye ko tumenya ko ubuso bwo hejuru bwa dialyzer bugomba gusuzumwa mubihe byihariye byumurwayi, harimo uburemere, imyaka, imiterere ya cardiac, hamwe no kugera kuri dialiners. Buri gihe ujye ubaza igitekerezo cyumwuga wa muganga kugirango umenye Uwitekadialyzer.

 

Guhitamo imashini ikwiye ya hemodialysis

Umutekano nukuri nibyo bintu byihutirwa. Hano hari ibintu byingenzi tugomba gusuzuma:

1. IBIKURIKIRA

Imashini yujuje ibyangombwa ya hemodialysis yujuje ibyangombwa yagenzuwe n'umutekano. Sisitemu igomba kumva bihagije kugirango itange ibisabwa bidasanzwe kandi itange neza abakora.

Gukurikirana igihe nyacyo ni ugukurikirana umuvuduko ukabije wuburakari nuwubukwa, umubare wibipimo, nibindi bipimo byingenzi mugihe cya dialyse. Gahunda yo gutabaza iramenyesha ibibazo nkuko umwuka mumaraso warenze umuvuduko wamaraso, cyangwa ibiciro bya ultrafiltration.

 2. UKURI

Ukuri kwa mashini bigira ingaruka kumikorere yubuvuzi kandi mubisanzwe isuzumwa nibice bikurikira:

Igipimo cya Ultrafitration: Imashini igomba kugenzura neza amazi yakuwe kumurwayi.

Gukurikirana neza: kwemeza dialysate ni ahantu heza h'ibitekerezo bya electrolyte.

Kugenzura Ubushyuhe: Imashini igomba gukomeza dialysate ku bushyuhe bwuzuye kandi bwiza.

 3. Imigaragarire y'abakoresha

Umukoresha-winshuti-urugwiro arashobora kuzamura cyane kubarwayi nabakora. Shakisha imashini zifite ubugenzuzi bwintangiriro kandi bisobanutse byerekana ko byoroshye gukomeza ibipimo byo kuvura.

4. Kubungabunga no gushyigikirwa

Reba ubushobozi bwo gushyigikirwa tekiniki na serivisi ishinzwe kubungabunga imashini yahisemo. Inkunga yizewe irashobora kwemeza ko ibibazo byose byakemuwe, kugabanya ihungabana ryo kuvura.

 5. Kubahiriza ibipimo

Imashini ya hemodialysi igomba kubahiriza umutekano nubuziranenge bwujuje ubuziranenge bwashyizweho ninzego zigenga. Ubu bwuyumamare ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga umutekano wihangana no kuvurwa neza.

 

Imashini za hemodialysis hamwe nuwabikoze

TheImashini ya Hemodialysis Model W-T2008-B.byakozwe naChengdu besleyIhuza nitsinda rifite uburambe bwimbere niterambere ryubuhanga. Imashini yagenewe gukoreshwa mu bice by'ubuvuzi kandi yakiriye icyemezo cya CE, ifite ikoranabuhanga riharanira iterambere, umutekano, umutekano w'umurwayi no guhumurizwa, no guhugura abakozi b'ubuvuzi. Ifite pompe ebyiri hamwe no gutanga isoko nyabagendwa-no gusubira inyuma-amazi, igishushanyo kidasanzwe cyo kwemeza Ultrafiltration. Ibigize Imashini bitumizwa mu Burayi na Amerika, nka Solearnoid valvemeza ko kugenzura neza imiyoboro ifungura no gufunga, no gushingagurira icyegeranyo neza.

 

Iterambere kurinda umutekano Sisitemu

Imashini ifata sisitemu yo kugenzura no kurinda ibidukikije, urwego rwamazi hamwe nibitekerezo bya bubble, bishobora kubuza neza umwuka ukwirakwiza mu maraso kugirango winjire kumubiri wumurwayi kugirango uhagarike impanuka zo mu kirere kugirango uhagarike impanuka ya embolism yumurwayi. Byongeye kandi, imashini ifite amanota abiri yo gukurikirana ubushyuhe n'ingingo ebyiri zo kuyobora, iregwa ireme rya dialysate rikomeza kuvurwa hose. Sisitemu yubwenge itanga ibitekerezo nyabyo kubibazo bidasanzwe mugihe cya dialyse. Abakoresha Acousto-optique iramenyesha abakoresha kugirango bitabira bidatinze kubibazo byose, bituma umutekano wumurwayi no kwivuza.

Bishingiye ku rufatiro rwa W-T2008-B, TheW-100008s Imashini ya HemodiaFityOngeraho monitor yumuvuduko wamaraso, endotoxin muyungurura, na Bi-igare nkibikoresho bisanzwe. Irashobora guhinduranya byoroshye hagati ya HDF na HD mugihe cyo kuvura. Shyiramo hamwe na dialitile yo hejuru-flux, yorohereza kuvana molekile nini kuva mumaraso, imashini izamura imikorere rusange no guhumurizwa nubuvuzi.